La cama, el usuario, el fabricante y el imitador. Consideraciones en torno a la crítica ontológico-epistémica de Platón a la poesía tradicional en República X

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Lucas Soares

Resumo

El propósito de este trabajo es examinar el lugar que, desde una perspectiva ontológica y epistémica, debería ocupar el tipo de poeta contemplado por Platón para la pólis ideal de la República. Para ello, tomando como eje la distinción presentada en el libro X entre el segundo y el tercer grado ontológico-epistémico —en particular en el argumento de las camas y en el relativo a la utilización, fabricación e imitación—, sostengo que Platón busca delinear y prescribir un paradigma de poeta de segundo grado. A diferencia de la mera apariencia de saber propia del imitador —el poeta tradicional, ubicado en el tercer grado—, este poeta de segundo grado poseería una recta opinión acerca de lo que imita, fundamentada en el conocimiento proporcionado por el usuario (el filósofo). Este enfoque permite, a mi juicio, vislumbrar una posible solución al problema del estatus ontológico-epistémico que Platón asigna al poeta en la pólis ideal, con vistas a la producción de una poesía austera y provechosa.

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Dosier: Sobre el arte griego antiguo: acciones, pasiones y lenguaje

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